元ニューヨーク都市計画者だけど質問ある？ | Tech Support | WIRED Japan

元ニューヨーク都市計画者だけど質問ある？ | Tech Support | WIRED Japan

I’m Alexandro wasburn former Chief Urban designer of New York City and I’m here to answer your questions from the internet this is City Planning [Music] support at urbanist org asks how can cities make bike lane safer the answer might surprise you you know what we found out in New York the best way to make a bike lane safer on say 6th Avenue Park cars next to it we move the parking Lane away from the curb and put the bike L on the sidewalk side of the cars now those parked cars act like a buffer ER WN asks is the New York City subway really that bad compared to other world City metro systems short answer is yes it’s a great system in the way it’s been laid out and how many miles it is it’s one of the world’s largest systems it hasn’t been maintained very well and one of the reasons is that the city that never sleeps we never shut down the Subways at night to fix them the accumulated effects of a lack of maintenance or sleep for our Subways have really caught up with us and things are not good right now it’s also interesting if you go to another city with a major Metro System say like Moscow you will be amazed at how fast the trains run and how fast the escalators go there’s just kind of a sense of pace that we seem to have lost we have neglected our Subways and we have a long way to go to make them halfway as good as many cities around the world at Deep yearning asks guys can anyone help me understand something is rent control bad or good like what are the pros and cons of it rent control is a tool to make cities more affordable it should be a good thing some places in the world where rent control is actually a national policy say Germany has a pretty stable solid housing market it seems to work but then again rent control in other places has different effects sometimes people don’t want to build a building if they know it’s going to be rent controlled in the future sometimes Banks don’t want to give loan on a building that will be rent controlled in the future because nobody knows what the future will will bring and development starts drying up why can rent control be workable in one place and then have a chilling effect on another and you know what I think the answer is actually societal you know places where it works best are relatively homogeneous societies it becomes a a policy tool not a discrimination tool keep rent control in your tool kit but there are other tools like rent support vouchers or simply increase your supply at infos Taylor okay Boston folk you in this is the worst city I have driven in you get the gold medal why would you let your city planners do this to you as we all know Boston was planned by cows essentially the streets of Boston follow 17th century cow paaz that crisscrossed it it’s as simple as that sometimes even the planners aren’t at fault at PK cg5 asks why so green Singapore Singapore one of my favorite cities a green City because it made a decision at its very start to be a city in a park everything about it is geared towards bringing the nature into the City and using nature like infrastructure part of their main issues is of course the very hot climate so nature becomes a way of creating a microclimate so the plants have a cooling effect on the city in fact they’re little solar panels they take solar energy and they turn it into biomass and that biomass pulls the energy out of the microclimate system and beyond that turns it into shade which then protects the pavement itself from getting over hot and it creates oxygen to boot it’s a win winwin singaporeans are pretty smart ah Damon Prince of corn what airports are perfect close to perfect or otherwise great so Singapore is the best because anytime they have to figure out how many square feet do we need for say security they double it trip it quadruple it they know that everything is growing so they look ahead then they ask are people bored in between flights the answer was yes so they built the most incredible Nature park inside of an airport with hundreds foot tall waterfall incredible jungle Trails you can take shopping dining it becomes a place it’ll be good for us in the United States to start thinking about it that way let’s make an airport you actually will be delighted to visit all right energy per 250 ml serve asks are there any cities that are really doing everything or almost everything right in regards to urban planning the answer is yes and that city is Paris they do everything right and it’s very annoying Bike Share they did it first New York we love our city bikes but we stole the idea the Highline they did it first it was called the prominade Plante we stole it the next one that I’d like to steal from them is that they’ve made a network of streets that are meant to get to schools so they’re like super safe streets streets where you’d be happy for your kids to walk on their own or bike on their own to school what a great idea let’s steal that one too at inava asks what makes a smart City smart a smart city is a city that makes the right decisions now the best cities right now for smart are the ones that have great databases because the data helps you make the right decision an example of data a smart City would use are traffic flows where are all the cars right now where are they going to be what are the impediments how do we open up how do we change the patterns it’s the ability to respond in real time that makes a really good Smart City really smart Reddit sub admin what is the biggest reason America is so car dependent the one thing that says it all is a phrase from the 1950s what’s good for General Motors is good for America the United States right at the beginning of its largest growth spurt decided that cars were the answer everything in American city planning was dimensioned to a car car how far it turns how many parking spaces you have to have how wide the streets are Etc once you make those decisions you can’t change them it’s it’s called path dependency to change that requires a lot of Ingenuity we talked earlier about how you put bike lanes and parking Lanes together but it’s going to require thinking outside the box thinking outside the car at leanen s say not sure why they aren’t turning the current empty office blocks into small apartments don’t we need housing more than offices indeed we do and it’s totally doable except that we stand in our own way we’ve created an incredible framework of rules that a building has a specific use and only one use what are some of these rules that stand in the way there’s light and air is the first one if you’re an apartment you need to be able to open the window and for some reason somebody in the 60s or 70s came up with this idea that if you’re an office you don’t need to open a window now that’s not the way it is in Germany but in America it’s that way so you’ve got all these hermetically sealed buildings and now we got to get past that open the window and then people say well you’re going to be too far away from a window if you fill an office building with Apartments you don’t have to have the apartment go all the way back to the elevator what if it stops 30 ft back which is the current rule for how far away you can be from an opening window and after that why not make some space where we can perhaps have some vertical farming sure you can put storage or Bill of storage but why not grow some vegetables okay status 6738 a asks what do you think are the current and future challenges that affect urban planning it’s declining population we’re not there yet certainly not in America certain places are like Bulgaria for instance where there are a million more Apartments than there are people the movement from the countryside to cities is starting to slow down and we’ve been in this frenzy of city building and we haven’t done a very good job with it the biggest challenge for urban planning looking into the 50-year future I’m not talking about next year is what are we going to do when population starts to plateau and then Decline and then all the pressure on building more and new and better is not there and we have to deal with what we have at Aaron Rose glass what if public libraries were open late every night and we could engage in public life there instead of having to choose between drinking at the bar and domestic isolation great suggestion but I wouldn’t limit it just to public library every City’s got to have public space if you don’t exclude people everyone comes together whether it’s your library or your park or in the ideal world every street that you can walk down should be a place where you can respectfully interact with your fellow citizens and that interaction is what builds up sociability at Wildflower milk whoever made tolls a thing I just want to talk like why do I have to pay to drive around the city I live in what the who pays who pays pays for the roaded who pays for maintaining the streets can you pay a toll can you pay the full cost of driving around your city well we’ve never done that in America we’ve always hidden the true cost of driving in other budgets and not passed them on to cars there’s always been one toll in America and that is the highway gas tax but that is an absurdly small percentage of every gallon of gas you buy congestion pricing tolling cars in certain areas of the city that’s a way to try to recover some of the costs of maintaining a road Network in the city and pass them on to the people who actually are using them the drivers and not to bury them into the municipal tax budget which otherwise could go to schools or dayare at Eddie 345 asks how to survive in 51° c summer heat in Dubai someone who has been in 51° c summer heat in Dubai I know what you’re feeling the three things you’ve you’ve got to number one you can adjust your clothing there are certain standards of kind of international dress you know suits and shoes and stuff like that forget about those in the 51° open toeo are fine two adapt your hours don’t go out in the middle of the day Dubai at night time can also be pretty hot and humid so that gets me to the third one and that is humidity control you know we’ve been so focused on air conditioning and bringing the temperature down but you’ll find that a lot of what makes you comfortable is a certain level of humidity relative to a certain temperature dehumidification takes less energy than air conditioning and guess what it makes it makes water and who needs water oh the Gulf States meet water as you pull that humidity out of the atmosphere you make yourself more comfortable and you create for yourself some potable water C Sosa asks how do you fix LA traffic my answer is maybe you don’t La is a much more Progressive city than we understand from urban planning tours because it is what’s called a polycentric City yes La has huge traffic problems but over time different neighborhoods have started growing into places now La is becoming a city of cities once you do that you can start not needing a car as much La everybody loves to to hate it for the traffic but it may have a thing on the future where if it succeeds in connecting its nodes through things other than cars then it’s going to thrive and we might be looking T in the future as an example not a punchline that’s it that’s all the questions hope you learned something till next time [Music]

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